250年前,即1776年7月2日北美十三殖民地,在二次大陸會議上,通過由維吉尼亞殖民地選派的大陸會議代表,理察·亨利·李Richard Henry Lee所提出的獨立決議案The Resolution for Independence,在法理上宣佈脫離大英帝國統治、走向實質建立合眾國。意即北美的合眾殖民地,在法律上正式轉化為自由且獨立的主權國家,奠定了美利堅合眾國誕生的基石。兩天後,即1776年7月4日,大陸會議批准了獨立宣言,向全世界正式宣告並且詳細闡明,這場獨立運動的決心意志展現。
【獨立宣言美國誕生】
美國獨立宣言United States Declaration of Independence 是由托馬斯·傑佛遜Thomas Jefferson主筆、於1776年7月4日由大陸會議正式通過的歷史文件。當時北美十三州殖民,對大不列顛王國強制的印花法令Stamp Act、和湯森法令Townsend Act,早已深惡痛絕;在集體意志的決議下,殖民們誓死不惜一戰,最終誕生了偉大的美利堅合眾、United States of America。
【生而平等不可剝奪】
人人生而平等,造物主賦予他們、若干不可剝奪的權利,其中包括生命權、自由權和追求幸福的權利。為了保障這些權利,人們才在他們之間建立政府,而政府的正當權力,則來自被統治者的同意。任何形式的政府,一旦破壞了這些目標,人民就有權改變或廢除它,並建立新的政府;使根基建立在人民認為,最能保障其安全和幸福的原則之上,並以人民認為最能保障其安全和幸福的方式組織其權力。All men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.–That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, –That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to affect their Safety and Happiness.
【人民授權成立政府】
誠然,審慎會告誡我們,不應因輕微和短暫的原因,而改變長期建立的政府;因此一切經驗都表明,只要弊端尚可忍受,人類寧願忍受,也不願通過廢除他們習以為常的製度來糾正自身。但是,當一連串的濫用職權和篡奪行為,始終如一地追求同一目標,顯露出要將他們置於絕對專制統治之下的意圖時,人民有權,也有義務推翻這樣的政府,並為他們未來的安全建立新的保障。Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.
【推翻暴政還權於民】
這些殖民地長久以來,一直都忍受著這樣的苦難;而現在,正是這種苦難迫使他們,改變原有的政府體制。現任大不列顛國王的歷史,就是一部不斷傷害和篡奪的歷史,所有這些行為的直接目的都是,為了在這些殖民地建立絕對的暴政。為了證明這一點,就讓事實擺在世人面前。
Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world.
【全球討伐中國惡法】
正當文明世界,熱烈慶賀美國誕生250週年的偉大時刻,中國卻大搖大擺地,推動所謂民族團結進步促進法;它擺明地就是要挑戰美國,長臂管轄無視各國司法自主執法獨立的主權宣示,向全人類宣戰。針對中國共產黨的魯莽倒行逆施,美國聯邦眾議院、美中戰略競爭特別委員會House Select Committee on China主席穆勒納爾John Moolenaar,於6月29日發布聲明指出,民族團結法顯示,中共的殘酷與偏執變本加厲。日本4個議員團體也發表聯合聲明,譴責並要求廢除這項法律。這些團體包括支持維吾爾人、藏人及南蒙古人權益的聯盟,及追究並因應中國人權侵害聯盟。歐洲議會European Parliament也通過決議,強烈譴責並呼籲撤銷民族團結法。聯國人權事務、高級專員圖克Volker Turk,於6月中旬在日內瓦的聯合國人權理事會UNHRC發表談話提出,呼籲中國廢除民族團結法。特此呼籲習近平、早日撤消民滯惡法;長臂管轄、必遭全球討伐。
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